WHAT is imagined in your mind if doctors pronounced kidney failure ? Life seemed over, to survive had to have a kidney transplant or dialysis for life in hospital .
Kidney is one of the vital organs for humans . So far, there is a presumption that a less precise kidneys produce urine only . Though there are many functions that play a pair of bean-shaped organs that red and roughly the size of a handful of these hands .
Among others, regulate acid-base balance and body fluids , and regulate blood pressure and metabolism ( formation ) of bone . In addition , the kidneys also produce hormones eritroprotein (EPO ), which sends a signal to the bone marrow to make red blood cells .
If impaired renal function , or even a failure , not only decreases the quality of life , lifelong treatment must also take a small cost . In this condition, kidney function decreases to less than 15 percent of waste materials no longer useful to the body can not be removed and eventually poison the body . Shrinking kidneys ( shrink ) and there is no medicine that can restore it as before .
To replace him , the patient had renal replacement therapy ( TPG ) through a kidney transplant or dialysis . Kidney transplants were performed by transplanting a kidney healthy person ( donor ) into the body of the patient (recipient ) , so patients can live a normal life without having to make dialysis .
TPG is the most expensive compared to other therapies . This is because the difficulty of finding a kidney donor , and the drugs should be taken post- transplant also expensive.
" Looking for kidney donor is very difficult . Fact , people can live a normal life with only one kidney , " says kidney disease experts from RS PGI Cikini Jakarta , Dr. Stump D Situmorang SpPD KGH Dipl / MMed Sci .
He said the success or failure of the transplant is measured from two things , the success of surgical and medical . After successfully transplanted kidney donor to a recipient , and then see if the kidneys can function properly ?
" If it does not fit hyperacute rejection can happen , " he says, adding that the best donor is a family member of the first line , ie father , mother , or sibling .
" It deals with the type of network suitability factors , the appropriate tissue typing it, the greater the level of success , " he added .
Meanwhile , hemodialysis ( HD ) or known as dialysis is done using a machine . With pumping equipment ( pump ) , the blood flow out of the body to dialiser ( artificial kidney ) to clean. Cleaning fluid ( dialysate ) flows into the artificial kidney ( dialiser ) which serves to cleanse the toxins and remove fluids from the body through the process of diffusion and ultrafiltration . Once cleaned , the blood flowed back into the body . HD should be performed in a hospital , with a frequency of 2-3 times a week and the process takes 4-5 hours .
In addition to the two therapies , the patient can also choose dialysis membrane through which the abdominal cavity was continuous or CAPD ( Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ) . In this case that serves as a filter or membrane peritoneum is the membrane
The process begins by entering the dialysis fluid into the abdominal cavity through a catheter tube which had been planted in the abdominal cavity . The technique makes use lining the abdominal cavity to filter and clean the blood . When the dialysis fluid in the abdominal cavity is , toxic substances in the blood will be cleaned and the excess water will be withdrawn .
This process is done four times a day and is practical because it can be done at home by the patient after the first training . Time required for each turn of the fluid is 30 minutes .
Coming symptoms not recognized
In modern times , many diseases that come without complaint. Chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) usually develop slowly and chronic nature with few symptoms at first .
"Sometimes it feels no symptoms at all , before I know the time of diagnosis was kidney failure , " said kidney specialist from Cikini Hospital , Prof. Dr. Dr. Endang Susalit SpPD - KGH . " There are many causes of kidney failure . If in Indonesia, mostly due to diabetes , hypertension , kidney stones and infections , " he stated .
Although difficult to detect , if impaired renal function will usually cause complaints such as swollen body starting from legs , rough skin , nausea and vomiting , taste disturbance and decreased appetite .
In addition , the body weak and tired , shortness of breath , dizziness , pale and lacking the blood. In some patients also experience itching , libido dropped , dilated veins in the neck , cramps , convulsions , even unconscious ( coma ) . The complaint can vary from one patient to another .
For that reason, the need for inspection to the kidney specialist ( nephrologist ) to prevent or slow the decline in kidney function by controlling the causes of disease or comorbidities . Do a healthy and balanced diet to control your intake of protein , sodium , and potassium are recommended appropriate therapy .
In addition , regular exercise is also important to do , and that certainly did everything according to the instructions and recommendations from doctors .
Sources : okezone.com